Whitelists in Postfix

I had to setup my own whitelists for my Postfix installation. Bigpond is one example of somebody who gets listed in RBL blacklists often, and well they don’t attempt spam against me all that often but do send alot of legitimate e-mail my way, so it deserves a whitelist entry.

On Debian to setup a whitelist all you have to do is edit /etc/postfix/main.cf so that smtpd_client_restrictions includes something like ‘check_client_access hash:/path/to/rbl_override’

For example this is what I have in my /etc/postfix/main.cf:

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, check_client_access hash:/path/to/rbl_override, reject_rbl_client tor.dnsbl.sectoor.de, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.ahbl.org, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.sorbs.net, reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org, permit

Some hosts use SPF records in DNS to specify what mail servers are safe to accept e-mail from. To lookup this information you can run:

host -txt bigpond.com

Then you need to create your rbl_override file. It should have something like this:

# Bigpond (taken from `host -t txt bigpond.com`)
61.9.168.0/24 OK
61.9.189.0/24 OK
61.9.169.0/24 OK
61.9.190.0/24 OK

 

You will also need to run postmap on the rbl_override file, to create a machine parse able binary with your whitelist database.

My Postfix installation is spread across several servers, however through a rig with rsync I regularly synchronize some binaries and configs to every server so I simply use this to send my whitelist.

Indian web developers?

I’ve looked at this in the past and I’ve just tonight relooked at the potential solution again. I need to hire a web developer to assist myself with some of my web projects.

I’m not convinced that domestic developers offer a higher level of skill and expertise. John Larsen was featured in Slashdot today with his blog “Why I will never feel threatened by programmers in India”. I have interviewed potential domestic programmer employees in the past, and well, I can say the experience was virtually identical to when I posted some job ads in India (bar the Indian vs Australian names). The experience seemed to reaffirm to me that 90% of the IT Industry does not know IT, which is a huge problem when I’m paying some ones wage by the hour. Ultimately I will need to train any employee into the worker I want them to be, and this process will take years. After their training period is over I need to be careful the employee is retained as the trend with the IT industry is to gain experience then relocate.

I am concerned by the Australian governments choices with worker protection, with my position the reverse of most Australians, as an employer I want as much control to fire and pay as little as possible to any employee. Of course other considerations like employee satisfaction come into play, but ultimately with all expenses included, outsourcing to India is only a fraction of the cost.

oDesk, Guru.com and Talents From India all appear to be good sources of career seeking with Indian employees. Average wages seem to range from $6 to $15 USD per hour. Hiring an Australian on the alternative would have a minimum wage of nearly $20 AUD per hour and the employee would receive all sorts of extra rights like paid breaks, sick leave, etc. – which Indian workers do not ask for. Ultimately you could employ 5 Indians for the cost of one Australian.

Its absurd and racist to believe Indians, or anyone else from a foreign nation, has a lower level of skills as John Larsen has suggested. India does have its own local economies, and its own booming IT sector which seeks the attention of big businesses like Dell, HP & Telstra. While India remains a 3rd world country, there surely are Indians who believe in “doing a job right” which can be encouraged with job guarantees, salary bonuses, and interest and concern about the employees comfort of living.

I’ve had a long reputation with an Indian domain registrar and have found them to be absolutely wonderful. At one point when I was purchasing large volumes of domains I signed quite a few ex-GoDaddy customers who found my resold service from the Indian registrar was of a superior quality.

I also have frequent dealings with Exetel who have outsourced their technical support and agent teams to Sri Lanka. While sometimes I find a “useless employee”, this doesn’t seem all that different from when Exetel operated these teams from North Sydney.

So some time over the next month or two I will definitely hire a developer from India to work with me. My immediate concerns are giving the employee “small time work” and convincing them they want to please me with their work for the rewards they will receive from it, before later working on to some bigger more important works (which are crucial to remain totally confidential). I’ve recently signed a programming job which is no trouble for myself to complete, however if I hand it off to an Indian employee, it will likely cost me about 10% of what the customer has agreed to pay.

I’ve felt this for a long time that the Australian Government really needs to make changes to taxation in order to make Australia economically appealing again. Instead our Government only seems interested in adding further taxes that will set our industries backwards for no real advantage other than to make up for the current Governments shortcomings at the voters expense.

TPG improves ordering process on their ADSL2+ network

tpgYesterday I received this e-mail from the TPG Dealer team. It would appear that TPG have managed to negotiate with Telstra for an improved ordering process so customers experience only a 2 hour outage when migrating to their service instead of 20 days.

However the only way this is of any use to me is on this blog. The TPG ADSL2+ network simply doesn’t extend to my area. Even if it did, with todays low prices of the Telstra ADSL2+ network and TPG’s history of having poor contention ratios on their ADSL2+ network, I’d probably still sign with Exetel’s Telstra ADSL2+ offerings.


Date: Wed, 30 Nov 2011 15:46:45 +1100
From: Dealers <dealers@tpg.com.au>
To: undisclosed-recipients:;
Subject: Changes for ADSL2+ with Home Phone

Dear TPG Dealer,

Greetings,

TPG has improved the registration process of the popular ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle. These improvements apply to:

1. New customers in moving from active Telstra phone line with ADSL2+ (any providers) to TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle.

2. Existing customers in moving from TPG Standalone ADSL2+ to TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle

A. New Customers

Previously, these customers were asked to cancel their ADSL2+ service before we can process the TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle order. Customers would then experience up to 20 working days of Internet downtime.

Now, customers no longer need to cancel their ADSL2+ service before submitting the order for TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone. This means customers will only experience up to 2 hours of Internet downtime on the day of the installation of TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle; no interruption on their ADSL2+ service up until this point.

This change applies to customers with active Telstra phone services – when a new number is requested and when porting is requested.

End-to-end installation is still 10-20 working days from the time customers submitted the order until the new TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle service is working.

For more information please visit http://www.tpg.com.au/homephone/FAQ.php#2.13

B. Existing TPG Standalone ADSL2+ customers.

These changes also apply to existing TPG customers who have TPG Standalone ADSL2+ service and would like to switch to TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle.

Previously, these customers were required to cancel their existing account before the installation process of TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle could begin, after which a long Internet downtime of up to 20 working days was experienced.

TPG introduces an improved change of plan process, this means:

· Customers no longer have to cancel their existing account in order to change from a TPG Standalone ADSL2+ service to TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle.

· Customers will only experience Internet downtime of up to 2 hours on the day of installation (no interruption on the TPG ADSL2+ service up until this point).

End-to-end installation is still 10-20 working days from the time change of plan is requested until the new TPG ADSL2+ with Home Phone Bundle is working.

If your customers request for this change of plan, you can apply on behalf of your customers by contacting the Dealer Team on 13 14 23 (option 6).

For more information please visit http://www.tpg.com.au/homephone/FAQ.php#2.2

iiBorg betters Optus for ADSL subscribers

iinet-number2

Optus has lost ground in the ADSL market over the past few years. It seems this has actually been a deliberate move as 4 years ago Optus decided to discontinue its offering of Telstra resold ADSL connections in favour of promoting its own ADSL & Wireless Broadband networks. John Linton of Exetel is also known for his continual complaints of how there is no money to be made in reselling Telstra services – so this is likely why Optus decided to exit this market.

iiNet (who I like to call iiBorg) last week purchased TransACT for $60 million. The Financial Review blew the whistle on this acquisition before the deal was finalized causing iiBorg to suspend share trading. Naturally, the new iiBorg marketing focuses on “the leading challenger” and “number 2” which strangely always makes me relate iiBorg to faeces (number 1 for urine, number 2 for faeces, number 3 is 2 + 1). This is especially because iiBorg are making a huge deal about gaining position ahead of a carrier who had no interest in remaining at that position anyway. The marketing focus of iiBorg since this news is complete and utter shit.

iiBorg probably bought up TransACT for two reasons. The primary reason would be the ADSL customer base. The secondary reason would be TransACT’s fibre optic network across Canberra and TransACT’s datacentres and fibre optic backhaul in Canberra and Victoria. $60 million to put iiBorg ahead of Optus in ADSL subscribers, and to buy up datacentres and other infrastructure, seems like a deal too good to be true.

But now its no longer Telstra followed by Optus across the Australian telecoms market. Its now only true for the fixed line & mobile telecom markets because of this recent lost ground for Optus. I may even have to rethink my use of “The Big 3” to describe the major 3 carriers Telstra, Optus & Vodafone.

Its also now probably more true than ever that iiBorg is too big of a company to consider using, as a big telecoms company tends to have uncompetitive offerings because their products need to suit everybody in order to remain so big, and big companies can often leave the consumer feeling like “just another number”.

It was also recently revealed that TPG have 4.4% of iiBorg shares, and TPG have stated they have no other interest in iiBorg than their “strategic purchase of shares”. You wonder what their strategy is about and if that involves the acquisition of, or merger with iiBorg, as many have speculated.

50% of Internet data now has a source and destination inside Australia thanks to Google and Akamai

john-lintonI was reading John Linton’s blog (owner of Exetel) about a week ago and one article peaked my interest (requires you’re either an Exetel customer or you pay $20 for membership). I don’t read John’s blog regulary but I’m a big fan of his blog as it provides some unique insight into the Australian telecommunications market.

John was talking about how the cost of delivering data to ADSL customers has changed partly due the continual fall of the cost of IP data and because of the increases in the amount of content delivered from the Akamai and Google cache’s in Sydney.

I found this interesting cause some time during the past year or two I noticed that Google traffic was progressively “switched on” to be served over Pipe Networks who have incredibly low cost peering solutions for Internet Service Providers, typically at a much lower cost than any other transit provider. At first only Google Search seemed to be served from Pipe, and later other sites like YouTube were added.

I remember a time in the distant past where over 90% of all Internet data in Australia had a source or destination that was offshore. In the days of dialup Internet I worked for a small rural ISP who decided that as the majority of their traffic was to/from the United States they would bypass the high costs of Telstra and other Australian carriers and get a satellite link from an American firm directly to Los Angeles.

In the past 10 years there have been improvements in the fibre optic links between the US and Australia and there are now numerous non-Telstra suppliers of international transit. Pipe Networks was the most recent entry to international transit with their fibre link to the US via Guam. These improvements are what John was talking about with the fall in cost for IP data.

How times have changed. Now in the days of broadband and heavy focuses on latency, using satellite or directly linking to America would be an absurd decision to make.

I believe that eventually, every large Internet firm will be placing servers close to the end user, so that international data is only a fraction of data used by end users. This would mean that international transit will become a realm for web sites and hosting firms, and will no longer be a primary focus for ISPs even in the Australian market which is very geographically isolated.

Telstra PrePaid iPhone 3GS

I noticed this ad today, strangely as a Google Ad on my Samsung Galaxy Gio.

telstra-prepaid-iphone-3gs

Telstra are offering the iPhone 3GS for $429. Seems strange you’d even consider this offer when Apple sell them directly for just $20 more and theirs isn’t locked to the Telstra network.

Or, why you’d consider an iPhone 3GS over the $134.10 Samsung Galaxy Gio which is easily unlocked from the Optus network – is beyond me.

Carrier locking

I’ve been thinking about this a bit the past week. I really don’t know who carriers think they’re kidding by providing devices with carrier locking.

Android devices can easily be unlocked free of charge with software available from Google and Internet forums.

iPhone devices can easily be unlocked free of charge with software available from Internet forums.

Huawei wireless broadband devices can be unlocked for a few dollars from numerous online suppliers of unlock codes like DC-Unlocker.

It makes you wonder why a carrier would supply hardware below cost thinking they’ll recoup their income by offering 3G mobile services.

Take Vodafone’s Huawei E585 Pocket WiFi device thats on sale at Australia Post for $39.95. Considering an unlock with DC-Unlocker is about $15 and only takes a few minutes, it makes so much more sense for me to buy a Vodafone device, unlock it, then sell it to a customer for the same price as a carrier unlocked device ($150). This way I have better margins at Vodafone’s expense and I only ever had the intentions of using the device on the Optus network. Thanks Vodafone!

The only areas Australian telecos are winning are with wireless broadband. Telstra’s NextG network won’t support any device that Telstra hasn’t sold, and Telstra will only sell devices they have exclusive sales rights to. Meaning there is no chance for unlocking and there is limited opportunity to use carrier unlocked devices from a 3rd party. Vodafone also exclusively buy a few models of wireless broadband dongles from Huawei and Huawei don’t publish any carrier unlocked firmware for these devices making an unlock impossible.

If carriers are serious about their device locking, they need to look more at exclusive sales rights for the hardware they sell.

No mobile tower on Woodlands Rd

In an update to an article I wrote 5 months ago, the tree hugging hippies have won and the local council decided to deny the development application for a mobile phone tower on Woodlands Rd.

I’m now wondering if the local council or the tree hugging hippies can be made liable for any injuries or deaths in the area where people have been unable to call Emergency 000 with their mobile phone.

I’ve voiced my protest in the form of rotten eggs to the front doors of the houses on Woodlands Rd where the tree hugging hippies live. Enjoy.

Exetel launches PSTN service

Exetel has launched a PSTN service resold via Telstra Wholesale. I think this is a great idea. As an Exetel agent I often get asked about PSTN services from ADSL signups – and this will also mean more commissions.

All existing customers received the following e-mail:

Reduce Telephone Call Costs – Get $5.00 Discount On ADSL

Exetel is pleased to announce the addition of a full service landline telephone service. The provision of traditional landline telephone services using the public switched telephone network (PSTN) has been in negotiation with our wholesale provider for some time. Further details can be found here:

http://www.exetel.com.au/v_national_call_rates.php

This is ideal for customers wanting an alternative to the higher call rates on offer from Telstra, Optus and other providers.

If you are currently using one of these providers for your telephone call service, you are likely to save somewhere between 15% and 30% per call. Here is a comparison:

Call type Telstra* Optus* iPrimus* AAPT* Iinet* Exetel % Saving
Local $0.20 $0.30 $0.18 $0.19 $0.20 $0.20 0 – 5%
Intercapital $0.20 $0.80 $0.17/$0.20 $0.20 $0.17 $0.15 12 – 25%
National $0.20 $0.80 $0.17/$0.20 $0.20 $0.17 $0.15 12 – 25%
Mobile $0.36 $0.80 $0.33 $0.35 $0.37 $0.35 5 – 10%
Flagfall $0.45 $0.45 $0.39 $0.39 $0.39 $0.35 10 – 22%

* As indicated on these companies websites – dated 15/03/2011

You may also be aware that Telstra has recently commenced billing in 60 second (one minute) increments. This has the effect of increasing the cost of calls. Here is a comparison of savings to be made on some typical calls if they were made via Telstra compared to Exetel:

Carrier Call Cost * Flag fall Total Cost of Call % Saving
For a national call of 2 minutes, 25 seconds Telstra $0.60 $0.45 $1.05
Exetel $0.36 $0.35 $0.71 32%
For a national call of 4 minutes, 45 seconds Telstra $1.00 $0.45 $1.45
Exetel $0.71 $0.35 $1.06 27%
For a call to mobile of 3 minutes, 5 seconds Telstra $1.44 $0.45 $1.89
Exetel $1.08 $0.35 $1.43 24%
For a call to mobile of 5 minutes, 55 seconds Telstra $2.16 $0.45 $2.61
Exetel $2.07 $0.35 $2.42 7%

Special Offers – Valid till 30th April 2011

Offer 1 – Save up to 30% on calls

Add the telephone service to your current ADSL service and save up to 30% on telephone call costs.

Offer 2 – $5 monthly discount.

Recontract your current ADSL service and add the telephone service and save $5 per month as well as up to 30% on telephone call costs.

Offer 3 – $10 or $15 monthly discount.

Recontract your ADSL service and buy a Cap19 mobile plan and save $10 per month or

Recontract your ADSL service and buy a Cap35 mobile plan and save $15 per month.

Offer 4 – $15 or $20 monthly discount.

Recontract your ADSL service, select to include the Telephone Service and buy a Cap19 mobile plan and save $15 per month or

Recontract your ADSL service, select to include the Telephone Service and buy a Cap35 mobile plan and save $20 per month.

Note 1:For customers adding the telephone service, there is a $30.00 monthly line rental fee payable.

Note 2:Offers 2, 3 and 4 require you to recontract your ADSL service on a new 12 month contract.

To accept any of these offers,simply log into your Exetel members facility and from the left side menubar select:

Order Services’, then select ‘Telephone’.

For enquiries on these offers, please email residentailsales@exetel.com.au or call

1300 EXE TEL (1300 393 835).

Only 37 people use wireless broadband in Australia

I read this article yesterday in The Australian about the growth of wireless broadband. Cisco are claiming monthly mobile network data traffic is at 4,587 TB.

So some maths on this… it equates to a monthly average speed of 1.5 Gbit per second. Which then equates to 37 Telstra NextG users consuming their 42 Mbit connections continually all month.

I’m surprised there isn’t more data. Maybe its something to do with the ridiculously expensive data pricing on the mobile network.

It raises the question of just how much backhaul per mobile tower there is, if the likes of Optus and Vodafone have a strong history of congestion on their mobile networks.